Organizational Benefits of Commuting Support: The Impact of Flexible Working Hours on Employees’ OCB through Commuting Control

Flexible working hours has many benefits in improving employee’s in-role performance, and thus become more popular in modern cities. However, we knew little about the relationship between flexible working hours and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). To clarify the question, we constructed a moderated-mediation model to examine the mechanism of commuting control. A total of 284 full-time employees took part in this study. We found that: (1) Employees with flexible working hours had higher levels of commuting control; (2) Then, higher levels of commuting control predicted higher levels of OCB; (3) Commuting control fully meditated the association between flexible working hours and employees’ OCB; (4) Commuting control and road unimpeded interaction to influence OCB. That is, the relationship between commuting control and OCB was stronger when roads were clear. These results not only provide a new explanation of the impact of flexible working hours on commuting control and OCB, but also help to broaden commuting research. These findings additionally have implications for the government and organizations.