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<p>This paper studies the performance of the loess anchorage system considering different factors, including the water–cement ratio, additives, grouting pressure, secondary grouting, and curing time. The analysis is based on laboratory pullout tests, examining test process phenomena, failure modes, ultimate pullout resistance, and forcedisplacement relationship characteristics. The test results indicate that increasing curing time, grouting pressure, adding high-efficiency plasticizers, and employing secondary grouting effectively enhance the bearing capacity of the loess anchorage system. Specifically, each additional day of curing time increases the ultimate pullout force by approximately 16.70 N, and every 1-MPa increase in grouting pressure increases the ultimate pullout force by about 664.81 N. The failure modes of the loess anchorage system can be classified into two types: gradual failure with residual stress and complete failure with immediate loss of force. The ultimate pullout force shows significant correlation with curing time (correlation coefficient of 0.96), grouting pressure (0.88), and secondary grouting (0.68). These findings and their interpretations enhance the understanding of the practical pullout behavior of grouted soil nails in loess soil.</p>

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Systematic Analysis of the Laboratory Pullout Behavior and Improvement of Cement Grout for the Loess Soil Nailing Technique

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • N. Ngambua Rene,
  • Sh. Hussain,
  • J. C. J. Oualembo Mountou,
  • X. Sun,
  • Yanrong Li

摘要

This paper studies the performance of the loess anchorage system considering different factors, including the water–cement ratio, additives, grouting pressure, secondary grouting, and curing time. The analysis is based on laboratory pullout tests, examining test process phenomena, failure modes, ultimate pullout resistance, and forcedisplacement relationship characteristics. The test results indicate that increasing curing time, grouting pressure, adding high-efficiency plasticizers, and employing secondary grouting effectively enhance the bearing capacity of the loess anchorage system. Specifically, each additional day of curing time increases the ultimate pullout force by approximately 16.70 N, and every 1-MPa increase in grouting pressure increases the ultimate pullout force by about 664.81 N. The failure modes of the loess anchorage system can be classified into two types: gradual failure with residual stress and complete failure with immediate loss of force. The ultimate pullout force shows significant correlation with curing time (correlation coefficient of 0.96), grouting pressure (0.88), and secondary grouting (0.68). These findings and their interpretations enhance the understanding of the practical pullout behavior of grouted soil nails in loess soil.