<p>This article examines the rhetoric of inclusion in international space discourse from the perspective of ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Mexico and Colombia. Drawing on interviews with engineers, artists, astronomers, and cultural practitioners, it argues that the two dominant idioms of “space inclusivity”—the Overview Effect and the motto “Space is for all”—function as forms of unnatural universalism: claims to shared cosmic belonging that simultaneously obscure structural inequalities and suppress the cosmological diversity that characterizes how different communities relate to the heavens. The article situates this critique within a multi-scalar analysis of space rights, following Isabelle Stengers’s concept of cosmopolitics to show how international space law, by designating outer space as a domain governed by scientific rationality and state sovereignty, renders many forms of cosmic engagement—artistic, communal, indigenous, and more-than-human—legally invisible before deliberation has even begun. Against this backdrop, the article presents five cases of engaging with outer space “otherwise”: a low-cost open-source analog habitat in Colombia; an artistic civilian satellite; the conversion of a historic ground station into a community radio telescope; a dark sky ecotourism initiative in rural Hidalgo; and the Zapatista Autonomous Intergalactic Space Program. Together, these cases suggest that the path beyond false inclusivity lies not in extending access to a pre-defined space, but in a fundamental reconstitution of who counts as a rights-bearing subject in space law and what kinds of cosmic relationships those rights are designed to protect.</p>

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Outer Space Otherwise: Voices from Mexico

  • Anne W. Johnson

摘要

This article examines the rhetoric of inclusion in international space discourse from the perspective of ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Mexico and Colombia. Drawing on interviews with engineers, artists, astronomers, and cultural practitioners, it argues that the two dominant idioms of “space inclusivity”—the Overview Effect and the motto “Space is for all”—function as forms of unnatural universalism: claims to shared cosmic belonging that simultaneously obscure structural inequalities and suppress the cosmological diversity that characterizes how different communities relate to the heavens. The article situates this critique within a multi-scalar analysis of space rights, following Isabelle Stengers’s concept of cosmopolitics to show how international space law, by designating outer space as a domain governed by scientific rationality and state sovereignty, renders many forms of cosmic engagement—artistic, communal, indigenous, and more-than-human—legally invisible before deliberation has even begun. Against this backdrop, the article presents five cases of engaging with outer space “otherwise”: a low-cost open-source analog habitat in Colombia; an artistic civilian satellite; the conversion of a historic ground station into a community radio telescope; a dark sky ecotourism initiative in rural Hidalgo; and the Zapatista Autonomous Intergalactic Space Program. Together, these cases suggest that the path beyond false inclusivity lies not in extending access to a pre-defined space, but in a fundamental reconstitution of who counts as a rights-bearing subject in space law and what kinds of cosmic relationships those rights are designed to protect.