<p>This study examines the semiotic construction of prostitution within Indonesian legal, power and public health frameworks. Through Foucault’s theory of power relations, the research analyses how dominant legal narratives encode women involved in prostitution (WIPs) through moralism and criminalisation perspectives. These narratives symbolically frame WIPs as deviant and biologically risky subjects, while limiting their agency and voice. The criminalisation of prostitution, often justified through ideological and religious discourses, reinforces structural stigma, restricts access to health services, and hinders safe sex negotiations—including in coercive practices such as “stealthing.” Legal systems thus act not only as control mechanisms, but also as meaning producers that determine rights allocation. The paper critiques existing prostitution policies and proposes a reform model based on feminist legal theory and Marcia Neave's blueprint, advocating for decriminalisation, empowerment, and health justice. Decriminalisation is positioned as both a legal intervention and a symbolic disruption of oppressive semiotic codes that have historically silenced WIPs. This research contributes to legal semiotics discourse by exploring legal texts mediate social exclusion and proposing alternative legal frameworks that foster dignity, agency, and public health equity.</p>