<p>The study aimed to investigate the effects of sexual health education on women’s sexual myths and self-consciousness. The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. Married women aged 18–45 who attended a hospital in the Black Sea region. A total of 62 women were enrolled and randomly assigned to the experimental (<i>n</i> = 31) or control group (<i>n</i> = 31). Women in the experimental group received a Sexual Health Education program consisting of four sessions, delivered at one-week intervals. Women in the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Sexual Myths Scale (SMS), and the Sexual Self-Consciousness Scale (SSCS). No significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups regarding the mean pre-test scores of the SMS, SSCS, and their subscales (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). However, significant differences were observed between the groups in the post-test mean scores (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Within-group analyses also showed that the increase from pre-test to post-test scores in the experimental group for both the SMS and SSCS was statistically significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), whereas no significant pre-test/post-test change was detected in the control group (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). A comprehensive sexual health education intervention was effective in reducing sexual myths and sexual self-consciousness in women.</p>