<p>In this examination of gender differences in financial expectations in academia, we used survey data (<i>N</i> = 10,788 scientists and scholars, 18 academic disciplines) integrated with individual-level bibliometric and demographic data from Scopus. We studied what Polish scientists and scholars with various demographic characteristics, academic attitudes, and bibliometric profiles considered their expected salary, or the most appropriate salary for their current position. Top salary-expectation academics were defined as the upper 10% of scientists and scholars in terms of their self-reported expected salary. Our results show that gender differences are much weaker than expected: Women generally tend to have almost equal expected salaries compared to men across age groups, academic positions, and disciplines. Although men are 56% overrepresented in the top salary-expectation group, their financial expectations are similar to those of women. Among top expected-salary academics, the median expected salary for men is only 5% higher than the median expected salary for women. Across all STEM disciplines combined, men on average expect salaries 19% higher than women (in non-STEM 15%, and in MED only 11%). Strongly research-oriented men expect higher median&#xa0;salaries than strongly research-oriented women; male top performers (the upper 10%) expect higher salaries than female top performers; and male internationalists in research expect higher salaries than female internationalists. Finally, as quantile regression shows, salary expectations in science are not homogeneous: academic position and gender dominate in the lower quantiles of distribution while internationalization, motivation and family capital are important in the higher quantiles.</p>