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<p>The article analyzes the functioning of gerunds in the Russian language of the 17th century. Based on the analysis of contexts that are absent in modern Russian, it is concluded that in the 17th century the gerund lost the absolute temporal meaning it once had, acquiring a&#xa0;relative meaning depending on the tense of the main predicate, while remaining, at the same time, a predicate of a clause that was still formally independent. The fixation of the gerund with the function of a predicate in the dependent adverbial predication occurs already in the 18th century, since contexts bearing witness to this process are absent in the 17th century and appear only in the 18th century. Furthermore, a comparison of the material from the 17th and 18th centuries showed that the use of the gerund in other specific functions characterized the entire 17th century and the first half of the 18th century, and began to wane in the second half of the 18th century.</p>

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Gerunds in the Russian language of the 17th century: a transitional period in the history of their grammatical development.

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月17日

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  • Maria Ermolova

摘要

The article analyzes the functioning of gerunds in the Russian language of the 17th century. Based on the analysis of contexts that are absent in modern Russian, it is concluded that in the 17th century the gerund lost the absolute temporal meaning it once had, acquiring a relative meaning depending on the tense of the main predicate, while remaining, at the same time, a predicate of a clause that was still formally independent. The fixation of the gerund with the function of a predicate in the dependent adverbial predication occurs already in the 18th century, since contexts bearing witness to this process are absent in the 17th century and appear only in the 18th century. Furthermore, a comparison of the material from the 17th and 18th centuries showed that the use of the gerund in other specific functions characterized the entire 17th century and the first half of the 18th century, and began to wane in the second half of the 18th century.