Complexes of electrically conducting polymers with macromolecular matrices
摘要
The review is devoted to electrosynthesis of electrically conducting polymers (ECPs) in the presence of macromolecular matrices (templates), in particular, sulfonated polyelectrolytes. Both general regularities of the process and its specific features characteristic of particular polymers are considered taking polyaniline, polypyrrole, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) as relevant examples. Particular attention is paid to the effect of the conformational state of the polyelectrolyte in an aqueous solution on the synthesis kinetics and on the structure and electrochemical, optical, and spectroelectrochemical properties of the resulting films of ECP—polyelectrolyte complexes. Understanding the role of the macromolecular matrix in electropolymerization and its influence on the structure and properties of the resulting ECP complexes can help in developing polymer films with predetermined functionality and improved life characteristics for applications in electrochromic, electroluminescent, and photovoltaic devices, in power sources, supercapacitors, chemical and biological sensors, etc.