Key areas of antibiotic research conducted at the Gause Institute of New Antibiotics

The article reviews the main achievements of the Gause Institute of New Antibiotics over the past 10 years in the area of developing antibiotics and related compounds that are promising for the use in medical practice and/or are of theoretical interest. Particular attention is focused on original structures that circumvent resistance of microbial or tumor cells. For new compounds with high biological activity, the structure—activity relationships was studied, which is an important requirement in the design of new compounds. The main areas of research are nominally grouped by potential practical action: antibacterial, antifungal, and/or antitumor. The main approaches used in the synthesis of modern antimicrobial or antitumor agents are reviewed: microbiological, synthetic, and combined (semi-synthetic).