A sustainable hydrotrope-assisted multicomponent synthesis of pyrazolopyridines
摘要
This study presents an effective, environmentally friendly, and simple protocol for multicomponent one-pot synthesis of pyrazolopyridine derivatives. The synthetic methodology involves a three-component reaction of aromatic aldehyde(s), ammonium acetate and 3-methyl-5-pyrazolone or 3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone in an aqueous hydrotropic medium. We have successfully synthesized diverse tetrahydrodipyrazolopyridine derivatives, including three novel compounds. This green hydrotropic approach offers significant advantages such as mild reaction condition, wide functional groups tolerance at room temperature, short reaction time with high product yield, simple work-up, and chromatography-free purification procedure. Furthermore, the hydrotropic medium can be recycled up to four times with minimal loss of activity, making this protocol highly appealing for industrial applications and environmental sustainability.
Graphical abstract