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<p>A promising approach to improve the catalytic efficiency of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is their post-synthesis modification with ligands that have the potential to form stable complexes with metal species. Incorporation of the metal complex into the MOF structure results in a bimetallic catalytic system that exhibits better performance than the unmodified framework. The presented study synthesizes the pincer ligand using cheap and accessible cyanuric chloride and creatinine as the core and side arms, respectively, followed by reaction with Cu(OAc)<sub>2</sub> to yield the copper(II) complex. Then, it was used to modify the UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> framework via a covalent post-synthetic modification approach. The functionalized MOF was characterized by different techniques such as FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, TGA, and N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption. Using the advantage of synergistic effect between copper and zirconium, the modified MOF produced 1,4-dihydropyridine and 3,4-dihydropyrimidinone derivatives. Comparing the prepared catalyst with pristine UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> and bare copper(II) complex showed an enhanced catalytic activity of UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub>-CC@Cu(II) mainly due to the presence of complex. The proposed catalyst exhibited strong stability along with a recyclable performance, which are essential parameters for catalyst design in industry.</p>

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Creatinine-based Cu(II) pincer complex immobilized on UiO-66-NH2 as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine and 3,4-dihydropyrimidinone derivatives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • Fatemeh Sharifirad,
  • Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei

摘要

A promising approach to improve the catalytic efficiency of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is their post-synthesis modification with ligands that have the potential to form stable complexes with metal species. Incorporation of the metal complex into the MOF structure results in a bimetallic catalytic system that exhibits better performance than the unmodified framework. The presented study synthesizes the pincer ligand using cheap and accessible cyanuric chloride and creatinine as the core and side arms, respectively, followed by reaction with Cu(OAc)2 to yield the copper(II) complex. Then, it was used to modify the UiO-66-NH2 framework via a covalent post-synthetic modification approach. The functionalized MOF was characterized by different techniques such as FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, TGA, and N2 adsorption–desorption. Using the advantage of synergistic effect between copper and zirconium, the modified MOF produced 1,4-dihydropyridine and 3,4-dihydropyrimidinone derivatives. Comparing the prepared catalyst with pristine UiO-66-NH2 and bare copper(II) complex showed an enhanced catalytic activity of UiO-66-NH2-CC@Cu(II) mainly due to the presence of complex. The proposed catalyst exhibited strong stability along with a recyclable performance, which are essential parameters for catalyst design in industry.