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<p>Centromochlinae is a subfamily of Neotropical driftwood catfishes whose monophyly is well supported by morphological and molecular evidence. However, phylogenetic relationships within the group, particularly between the genera <i>Tatia</i> and <i>Centromochlus,</i> remain unresolved due to morphological and genetic similarities among species. This study provides conventional and molecular cytogenetic data for five species: <i>Centromochlus macracanthus</i>, <i>Centromochlus orca</i>, <i>Tatia intermedia</i>, <i>Tatia jaracatia</i>, and <i>Tatia neivai.</i> We employed Giemsa staining, C-banding, Ag-NORs, and FISH mapping of 5S and 18S rDNA and telomeric sequences to investigate chromosomal diversification in these species&#xa0;and its taxonomic implications. All species exhibited a diploid chromosome number (2n) = 58, with karyotypes shaped primarily by chromosomal rearrangements that do not alter the 2n, such as inversions and translocations. <i>Centromochlus</i> species share a distinctive large metacentric chromosome pair with a centromeric heterochromatin block and interstitial telomeric sites that likely constitute a genus-specific marker. In contrast, <i>Tatia</i> species lack acrocentric chromosomes and display a unique 5S rDNA distribution pattern. A syntenic arrangement of 5S and 18S rDNA was found exclusively in former members of the extinct genus <i>Bauroglanis</i>, possibly representing a synapomorphy of this clade. These results provide new information regarding the chromosomal evolution and cytotaxonomy of Centromochlinae and contribute to a better understanding of the evolutionary processes shaping this fish group. Furthermore, it highlights the potential of cytogenetics as a powerful tool for identifying new characters that can contribute to Neotropical fish taxonomic organization. A well-resolved and robust phylogeny is not only essential for advancing our understanding of biodiversity but also provides additional information for evaluating species’ conservation status and for developing effective strategies for the management and conservation of these groups.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Chromosomal evolution and taxonomic insights into Tatia and Centromochlus species (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月12日

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  • Chrystian Aparecido Grillo Haerter,
  • Letícia Marchiotti de Jesus,
  • Karoline Zampiva Rabelo,
  • Gabrielle Jovana Antoniazzi,
  • Diana Paula Perin,
  • Vladimir Pavan Margarido,
  • Josiane Baccarin Traldi,
  • Roberto Laridondo Lui,
  • Eliana Feldberg

摘要

Centromochlinae is a subfamily of Neotropical driftwood catfishes whose monophyly is well supported by morphological and molecular evidence. However, phylogenetic relationships within the group, particularly between the genera Tatia and Centromochlus, remain unresolved due to morphological and genetic similarities among species. This study provides conventional and molecular cytogenetic data for five species: Centromochlus macracanthus, Centromochlus orca, Tatia intermedia, Tatia jaracatia, and Tatia neivai. We employed Giemsa staining, C-banding, Ag-NORs, and FISH mapping of 5S and 18S rDNA and telomeric sequences to investigate chromosomal diversification in these species and its taxonomic implications. All species exhibited a diploid chromosome number (2n) = 58, with karyotypes shaped primarily by chromosomal rearrangements that do not alter the 2n, such as inversions and translocations. Centromochlus species share a distinctive large metacentric chromosome pair with a centromeric heterochromatin block and interstitial telomeric sites that likely constitute a genus-specific marker. In contrast, Tatia species lack acrocentric chromosomes and display a unique 5S rDNA distribution pattern. A syntenic arrangement of 5S and 18S rDNA was found exclusively in former members of the extinct genus Bauroglanis, possibly representing a synapomorphy of this clade. These results provide new information regarding the chromosomal evolution and cytotaxonomy of Centromochlinae and contribute to a better understanding of the evolutionary processes shaping this fish group. Furthermore, it highlights the potential of cytogenetics as a powerful tool for identifying new characters that can contribute to Neotropical fish taxonomic organization. A well-resolved and robust phylogeny is not only essential for advancing our understanding of biodiversity but also provides additional information for evaluating species’ conservation status and for developing effective strategies for the management and conservation of these groups.

Graphical abstract