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<p>Forage fishes play a vital role to marine ecosystems by linking lower trophic levels to top predators and serving as key economic and food resources for commercial and subsistence fisheries. Despite their significance, knowledge of forage fish movement throughout their life cycle in Canadian waters remains limited, hindering effective management and conservation. This study synthesises current knowledge of the movement ecology of seven of Canada’s key forage fish species: capelin (<i>Mallotus villosus)</i>, Atlantic mackerel (<i>Scomber scombrus)</i>, Atlantic herring (<i>Clupea harengus)</i>, Pacific herring (<i>Clupea pallasii)</i>, Arctic cod (<i>Boreogadus saida)</i>, eulachon (<i>Thaleichthys pacificus)</i>, and sand lances (<i>Ammodytes</i> spp). We assess the methodologies used to study their movements, spanning from traditional capture-mark-recapture techniques and fisheries-dependent or independent surveys to advanced approaches such as acoustic telemetry and natural chemical tracers. Significant knowledge gaps persist in remote locations where research is limited, as well as for non-commercially exploited species and specific life phases such as overwintering, which remain poorly understood across all species. To address these knowledge gaps, we underscore the value of combining conventional and modern methodologies. Additionally, we advocate for incorporating indigenous knowledge, such as the holistic knowledge of Inuit (Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit), and community-based observations to enrich insights. Implementing these recommendations and advancing our knowledge of forage fish migration is crucial for predicting the impacts of environmental change on fish movement and for ensuring their sustainability, as well as the ecosystems and fisheries they support.</p>

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Tracking the schools: a review of approaches to address knowledge gaps in the migratory ecology and habitat use of Canadian forage fishes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月13日

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  • Romaric Jac,
  • Morgan L. Piczak,
  • Elisabeth Van Beveren,
  • Jennifer L. Boldt,
  • Pablo Brosset,
  • Jacob Burbank,
  • Jaclyn S. Cleary,
  • Linnea A. Flostrand,
  • Les N. Harris,
  • Sarah Hawkshaw,
  • Harri Pettitt-Wade,
  • Clifford L. K. Robinson,
  • Caliyena R. Brown,
  • Robert J. Lennox

摘要

Forage fishes play a vital role to marine ecosystems by linking lower trophic levels to top predators and serving as key economic and food resources for commercial and subsistence fisheries. Despite their significance, knowledge of forage fish movement throughout their life cycle in Canadian waters remains limited, hindering effective management and conservation. This study synthesises current knowledge of the movement ecology of seven of Canada’s key forage fish species: capelin (Mallotus villosus), Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus), Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus), Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii), Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida), eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus), and sand lances (Ammodytes spp). We assess the methodologies used to study their movements, spanning from traditional capture-mark-recapture techniques and fisheries-dependent or independent surveys to advanced approaches such as acoustic telemetry and natural chemical tracers. Significant knowledge gaps persist in remote locations where research is limited, as well as for non-commercially exploited species and specific life phases such as overwintering, which remain poorly understood across all species. To address these knowledge gaps, we underscore the value of combining conventional and modern methodologies. Additionally, we advocate for incorporating indigenous knowledge, such as the holistic knowledge of Inuit (Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit), and community-based observations to enrich insights. Implementing these recommendations and advancing our knowledge of forage fish migration is crucial for predicting the impacts of environmental change on fish movement and for ensuring their sustainability, as well as the ecosystems and fisheries they support.