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<p>The genus <i>Rhodococcus</i> comprises metabolically versatile and environmentally resilient actinobacteria that have emerged as promising agents in metal recovery and bioremediation. This mini-review explores their potential in biomining and environmental applications, focusing on mechanisms such as biosorption, bioaccumulation, and the secretion of metal-chelating compounds like siderophores and organic acids. The review also highlights the genus’ adaptive strategies under metal-induced stress, including thiol-mediated redox buffering and upregulation of specific stress-response proteins. Although conventionally overlooked in favor of acidophilic microorganisms, <i>Rhodococcus</i> spp. offer unique advantages such as high tolerance to metal(loid)s, biofilm formation, and the ability to thrive in oligotrophic and extreme environments. Particular emphasis is given to <i>R. erythropolis</i>, whose efficacy in solubilizing metals from waste and resisting toxic elements underscores its utility in sustainable resource recovery. Furthermore, the review identifies key knowledge gaps in metabolic pathway characterization and organic acid profiles involved in heterotrophic bioleaching. By consolidating current findings and outlining future research directions, this work aims to support the development of <i>Rhodococcus</i>-based biotechnologies as environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional metallurgical processes.</p>

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Unlocking hidden value: the metallurgical promise of Rhodococcus spp.

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月12日

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  • Pedro Martins Elias,
  • Igor Yannick das Neves Vasconcellos Brandão,
  • Danielle Maass

摘要

The genus Rhodococcus comprises metabolically versatile and environmentally resilient actinobacteria that have emerged as promising agents in metal recovery and bioremediation. This mini-review explores their potential in biomining and environmental applications, focusing on mechanisms such as biosorption, bioaccumulation, and the secretion of metal-chelating compounds like siderophores and organic acids. The review also highlights the genus’ adaptive strategies under metal-induced stress, including thiol-mediated redox buffering and upregulation of specific stress-response proteins. Although conventionally overlooked in favor of acidophilic microorganisms, Rhodococcus spp. offer unique advantages such as high tolerance to metal(loid)s, biofilm formation, and the ability to thrive in oligotrophic and extreme environments. Particular emphasis is given to R. erythropolis, whose efficacy in solubilizing metals from waste and resisting toxic elements underscores its utility in sustainable resource recovery. Furthermore, the review identifies key knowledge gaps in metabolic pathway characterization and organic acid profiles involved in heterotrophic bioleaching. By consolidating current findings and outlining future research directions, this work aims to support the development of Rhodococcus-based biotechnologies as environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional metallurgical processes.