<p>This article highlights three key projects on which economists at the UK’s Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) have worked over the past year. First, we examine the Vodafone/Three merger in the telecoms sector: We focus on the role of econometric analysis in understanding consumer preferences and assessing the likely effect of the merger in the retail mobile market. We also explain how we assessed the anticipated efficiencies and the role of remedies in securing those efficiencies, which ultimately led to the merger’s approval. Second, we discuss our infant formula (baby milk) market study, where we found that regulation and consumer behaviour contributed to weak price competition in this market. Third, we present empirical research that was undertaken by the CMA Microeconomics Unit to inform the UK Government’s new industrial strategy. We look at the effect of past industrial policies and analyse the sectors that have been identified by the government to be ‘growth-driving’.</p>