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<p>Evaporation rate coefficients (<i>K</i><sub>G</sub>) and diffusion coefficients (<i>D</i>) in alcohol–water systems were simultaneously quantified using reversed-flow gas chromatography (RF-GC). The measurements show that hydrogen bonding in aqueous mixtures reduces <i>K</i><sub>G</sub> relative to pure components, while increasing temperature enhances both <i>K</i><sub>G</sub> and <i>D</i>, consistent with thermally activated mass transfer. The presence of surfactants significantly alters interfacial transport: nonionic and cationic surfactants decrease <i>K</i><sub>G</sub> by forming interfacial barriers, whereas anionic surfactants increase <i>K</i><sub>G</sub> by disrupting interfacial structure. These results demonstrate that interfacial resistance is a controlling factor in evaporation and can be systematically modulated through surfactant chemistry. The study establishes RF-GC as an effective method for coupled determination of evaporation and diffusion parameters and provides quantitative evidence for tunable control of evaporation via interfacial modification.</p>

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Tunable interfacial control of short-chain alcohol evaporation from aqueous systems via reverse-flow gas chromatography

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

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  • Khalisanni Khalid,
  • H. H. Mohammad

摘要

Evaporation rate coefficients (KG) and diffusion coefficients (D) in alcohol–water systems were simultaneously quantified using reversed-flow gas chromatography (RF-GC). The measurements show that hydrogen bonding in aqueous mixtures reduces KG relative to pure components, while increasing temperature enhances both KG and D, consistent with thermally activated mass transfer. The presence of surfactants significantly alters interfacial transport: nonionic and cationic surfactants decrease KG by forming interfacial barriers, whereas anionic surfactants increase KG by disrupting interfacial structure. These results demonstrate that interfacial resistance is a controlling factor in evaporation and can be systematically modulated through surfactant chemistry. The study establishes RF-GC as an effective method for coupled determination of evaporation and diffusion parameters and provides quantitative evidence for tunable control of evaporation via interfacial modification.