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<p>Phenolic waste in wastewater is also crucial environmental issues because they are very toxic and very chemical resistant. In this study a photocatalytic oxidation system using calcium limestone was designed to decompose phenol in aqueous solutions with the use of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> under ultraviolet light. Thermal activation, followed by the characterization of structural and surface properties of the catalyst by XRD, SEM–EDX, FTIR and BET was used to determine the properties of the catalyst (CaO). To quantify the system effect on the degradation of phenol, the systematic experiment was conducted on several operating parameters (solution pH, catalyst dosage, temperature, contact time, and initial phenol concentration). The UV/CaO/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> process showed good synergic behaviour in the generation of reactive oxygen species. Within the optimized conditions (pH = 12, CaO = 2 wt%, O<sub>3</sub> = 30&#xa0;mg L<sup>−1</sup> O<sub>2</sub>), the percentage phenol degradation is 87.6 in 20 min, 65 and 82 % more so than the UV/CaO/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and UV/CaO. The tests also demonstrate that the catalyst can be recycled very well with reaction activities being high in three consecutive cycles with activity being reduced by a low percentage of only around 3. Moreover, experiments in both tap and river water have been found to demonstrate that the photocatalytic system can be carried out under natural conditions, which is slightly inhibited by dissolved ions, which scavenged the radicals. The findings imply the UV/CaO/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> system is a good and cost-effective advanced oxidation process to treat contaminated wastewater.</p>

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Synergistic CaO–H₂O₂–O₃ photocatalytic system for efficient phenol degradation: mechanistic evaluation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Maryam Tareq Al-Ameri,
  • Farah Talib Jasim,
  • Saba Adnan Gheni,
  • Faisal Okab Yousif,
  • Islam Md Rizwanul Fattah,
  • Nalan Türköz Karakullukçu

摘要

Phenolic waste in wastewater is also crucial environmental issues because they are very toxic and very chemical resistant. In this study a photocatalytic oxidation system using calcium limestone was designed to decompose phenol in aqueous solutions with the use of H2O2 and O3 under ultraviolet light. Thermal activation, followed by the characterization of structural and surface properties of the catalyst by XRD, SEM–EDX, FTIR and BET was used to determine the properties of the catalyst (CaO). To quantify the system effect on the degradation of phenol, the systematic experiment was conducted on several operating parameters (solution pH, catalyst dosage, temperature, contact time, and initial phenol concentration). The UV/CaO/H2O3 process showed good synergic behaviour in the generation of reactive oxygen species. Within the optimized conditions (pH = 12, CaO = 2 wt%, O3 = 30 mg L−1 O2), the percentage phenol degradation is 87.6 in 20 min, 65 and 82 % more so than the UV/CaO/H2O2 and UV/CaO. The tests also demonstrate that the catalyst can be recycled very well with reaction activities being high in three consecutive cycles with activity being reduced by a low percentage of only around 3. Moreover, experiments in both tap and river water have been found to demonstrate that the photocatalytic system can be carried out under natural conditions, which is slightly inhibited by dissolved ions, which scavenged the radicals. The findings imply the UV/CaO/H2O3 system is a good and cost-effective advanced oxidation process to treat contaminated wastewater.