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<p>The present study reports an approach for synthesizing silver-modified titanium dioxide nanocomposite (Ag/TiO<sub>2</sub>) via ultrasound-assisted photodeposition under an inert atmosphere, aiming to develop an efficient photocatalyst and evaluate its performance under natural solar irradiation for the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting compound, in aqueous solution. The nanoparticles were synthesized by dispersing titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) in an aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO<sub>3</sub>) solution (1 wt% Ag), followed by ultrasonication (37&#xa0;kHz, 15&#xa0;min) and visible-light irradiation under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1&#xa0;h to promote uniform silver (Ag) dispersion. The structural and morphological characterization of the Ag/TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), together with band gap energy analysis, indicated the effective deposition of Ag and a reduction of the band gap to 2.87&#xa0;eV, thus enhancing the photocatalytic activity under solar irradiation. Photocatalytic experiments were carried out under natural sunlight (average irradiance of 980&#xa0;W&#xa0;m<sup>−2</sup>) in a borosilicate reactor containing 200&#xa0;mL of BPA solution, with the concentration monitored by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The effects of operational parameters, including solution pH, catalyst dosage, and initial BPA concentration, were evaluated to optimize the degradation process. Maximum degradation efficiency of 99% was achieved after 180&#xa0;min of irradiation under the optimal conditions (unadjusted pH of 6.7, catalyst dose of 1.0&#xa0;g L<sup>−1</sup>, and an initial BPA concentration of 6.5&#xa0;mg L<sup>−1</sup>). The degradation kinetics followed a pseudo-first&#xa0;order model, indicating good agreement with the experimental data. Overall, this study confirms the enhanced photoactivity and highlights the potential and effectiveness of the Ag/TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite as a photocatalyst for BPA degradation under solar light, paving the way for sustainable and cost-effective environmental remediation solutions.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite for the degradation of bisphenol a under solar irradiation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Chahida Oussalah,
  • Lamia Brahmi,
  • Abdelhalim Balouli,
  • Farida Kaouah

摘要

The present study reports an approach for synthesizing silver-modified titanium dioxide nanocomposite (Ag/TiO2) via ultrasound-assisted photodeposition under an inert atmosphere, aiming to develop an efficient photocatalyst and evaluate its performance under natural solar irradiation for the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting compound, in aqueous solution. The nanoparticles were synthesized by dispersing titanium dioxide (TiO2) in an aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution (1 wt% Ag), followed by ultrasonication (37 kHz, 15 min) and visible-light irradiation under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 h to promote uniform silver (Ag) dispersion. The structural and morphological characterization of the Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), together with band gap energy analysis, indicated the effective deposition of Ag and a reduction of the band gap to 2.87 eV, thus enhancing the photocatalytic activity under solar irradiation. Photocatalytic experiments were carried out under natural sunlight (average irradiance of 980 W m−2) in a borosilicate reactor containing 200 mL of BPA solution, with the concentration monitored by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The effects of operational parameters, including solution pH, catalyst dosage, and initial BPA concentration, were evaluated to optimize the degradation process. Maximum degradation efficiency of 99% was achieved after 180 min of irradiation under the optimal conditions (unadjusted pH of 6.7, catalyst dose of 1.0 g L−1, and an initial BPA concentration of 6.5 mg L−1). The degradation kinetics followed a pseudo-first order model, indicating good agreement with the experimental data. Overall, this study confirms the enhanced photoactivity and highlights the potential and effectiveness of the Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite as a photocatalyst for BPA degradation under solar light, paving the way for sustainable and cost-effective environmental remediation solutions.

Graphical Abstract