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<p>The present study examines the effect of multilayer graphene (MLG) addition on the characteristics of Al-Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanothermite. Al-Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-MLG nanothermites with various MLG weight percentages (wt%) were synthesized by the physical mixing method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the crystalline phases. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed agglomeration in the nanoparticles and the attachment of Al and Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles onto the MLG sheets in the nanothermites. Structural stability of MLG sheets present in synthesized samples is observed by the Raman spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that the Al-Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-MLG (2 wt%) nanothermite displayed the maximum energy release of 200&#xa0;J/g among the synthesized nanothermites. Reaction kinetic analysis performed using the Popescu methods indicated that the reaction of Al-Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-MLG (2 wt%) nanothermite follows a fractional-order model. The mean activation energy, calculated using the Popescu method, was 169.8 ± 105.7&#xa0;kJ/mol. Furthermore, thrust generation testing demonstrated that this nanothermite achieved a specific impulse of 60.5&#xa0;s, representing an approximately 1.37-times enhancement over the Al-Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanothermite.</p>

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Enhancing combustion efficiency and thrust performance of Al-Bi2O3 nanothermite through multilayer graphene incorporation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月30日

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  • Rahul,
  • Vimal Sharma,
  • K. K. Sharma

摘要

The present study examines the effect of multilayer graphene (MLG) addition on the characteristics of Al-Bi2O3 nanothermite. Al-Bi2O3-MLG nanothermites with various MLG weight percentages (wt%) were synthesized by the physical mixing method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the crystalline phases. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed agglomeration in the nanoparticles and the attachment of Al and Bi2O3 nanoparticles onto the MLG sheets in the nanothermites. Structural stability of MLG sheets present in synthesized samples is observed by the Raman spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that the Al-Bi2O3-MLG (2 wt%) nanothermite displayed the maximum energy release of 200 J/g among the synthesized nanothermites. Reaction kinetic analysis performed using the Popescu methods indicated that the reaction of Al-Bi2O3-MLG (2 wt%) nanothermite follows a fractional-order model. The mean activation energy, calculated using the Popescu method, was 169.8 ± 105.7 kJ/mol. Furthermore, thrust generation testing demonstrated that this nanothermite achieved a specific impulse of 60.5 s, representing an approximately 1.37-times enhancement over the Al-Bi2O3 nanothermite.