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<p>Active phase constitution directly affects catalytic performance. As a support, niobia (Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) provides high specific surface area and acidity, apart from being vastly available in Brazil. Hemicellulose-derived furfural can be hydrogenated in metallic sites producing furfuryl alcohol, which might react in acid sites forming industrially value-added products. Thus, this work studies the cascade reactions of furfural conversion with different bifunctional niobia-supported metal catalysts. Catalysts Ni, Cu, Pd and Ru/Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> were synthesized using wet impregnation, and base metals were reduced under H<sub>2</sub> flow, while noble metals were reduced by formaldehyde. Batch reaction conditions were 5&#xa0;MPa of H<sub>2</sub>, 423&#xa0;K, and solvent 2-propanol. Characterization tests include N<sub>2</sub> physisorption, EDS, XRD, TPR, TPD-NH<sub>3</sub> and XPS. Difurfuryl ether was formed in all reactions, especially with Ni. Conversely, Cu showed high selectivity to furfuryl alcohol (100% in the first hour), despite its low activity. Pd and Ru provided 100% furfural conversion, but while Pd/Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> showed increasing selectivity to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol over time, Ru/Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> selectively formed furfuryl alcohol in the first 2&#xa0;h (80%), then produced tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and difurfuryl ether. Thus, we provide useful insights to the design of a catalytic process based on the cascade conversion of furfural to furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and difurfuryl ether, which can be accomplished in biorefineries with bifunctional catalysts.</p>

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Cascade reactions of furfural conversion with different bifunctional niobia-supported metal catalysts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月3日

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  • Mayra Martinelli Costa,
  • Eduarda Caroline Duarte Amatte Coelho,
  • Silvia Fernanda Moya,
  • Raphael Soeiro Suppino

摘要

Active phase constitution directly affects catalytic performance. As a support, niobia (Nb2O5) provides high specific surface area and acidity, apart from being vastly available in Brazil. Hemicellulose-derived furfural can be hydrogenated in metallic sites producing furfuryl alcohol, which might react in acid sites forming industrially value-added products. Thus, this work studies the cascade reactions of furfural conversion with different bifunctional niobia-supported metal catalysts. Catalysts Ni, Cu, Pd and Ru/Nb2O5 were synthesized using wet impregnation, and base metals were reduced under H2 flow, while noble metals were reduced by formaldehyde. Batch reaction conditions were 5 MPa of H2, 423 K, and solvent 2-propanol. Characterization tests include N2 physisorption, EDS, XRD, TPR, TPD-NH3 and XPS. Difurfuryl ether was formed in all reactions, especially with Ni. Conversely, Cu showed high selectivity to furfuryl alcohol (100% in the first hour), despite its low activity. Pd and Ru provided 100% furfural conversion, but while Pd/Nb2O5 showed increasing selectivity to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol over time, Ru/Nb2O5 selectively formed furfuryl alcohol in the first 2 h (80%), then produced tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and difurfuryl ether. Thus, we provide useful insights to the design of a catalytic process based on the cascade conversion of furfural to furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and difurfuryl ether, which can be accomplished in biorefineries with bifunctional catalysts.