Kinetics evaluation of lard oil methanolysis catalyzed by thermally modified hybrid banana-plantain-peel-ash

The kinetics and reaction mechanism of lard oil (LO) methanolysis heterogeneously catalyzed by thermally modified hybrid-banana-plantain-peel-ash catalyst in lard-oil methyl-ester production were explored. The catalyst properties were ascertained via instrumental assay. The kinetic evaluation was performed at the following reaction settings; 50 °C, 55 °C, 60 °C temperature, 10.5:1 methanol-to-LO-molar-proportion, 2.5 wt% catalyst amount as well as 0–3.5 h time range. Eley–Rideal-(ER) coupled with Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson reaction-mechanisms were employed to explore the kinetics evaluation. The rate expression based on surface-reaction between triglyceride and adsorbed-methanol (CH₃OHS) as the rate-defining stage (RDS) in ER process was established to satisfy the investigational data. The thermodynamic along with the kinetic factors were established on the RDS of the lard oil methanolysis reaction. The activation-energy together with frequency aspect of the forward-reaction are 29.5 kJ/mol and 2.75 × 10⁴ h⁻¹. The enthalpy-change-∆H, entropy-change-∆S, and Gibb’s free-energy-∆G of the activity are 29.5 kJ/mol, 63 kJ mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, and 178 kJ. The consequent kinetic data forms the basis for the reactor design of the specific process.