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<p>We detect and study the generation of ultrawideband nano- and subnanosecond electromagnetic pulses in various experiments simulating lightning discharges. Ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses with similar characteristics are observed in spark discharges in air gaps from 1 m to 4 m long, which are ignited by impulse voltage generators, as well as in discharges approximately 1 m long, which are caused by a water aerosol cloud charged to a high potential. The experiments show that ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses originate from processes occurring in the near-electrode regions of the discharges, mainly on the cathode side. The pulsed radiation may originate from fast electron avalanches developing, for example, on the cathode of the positive discharge during the initiation of a connecting leader. The ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses observed in the model experiments can be regarded as hazardous lightning factors previously unaccounted for, which can be significant, for example, during the interaction of long spark discharges with various grounded or isolated objects.</p>

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Nano- and Subnanosecond Electromagnetic Pulses Observed in Experiments with Long Spark Discharges Produced by Impulse Voltage Generators and in a Physical Model of a Thundercloud

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月1日

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  • I. Yu. Zudin,
  • M. E. Gushchin,
  • Yu. V. Shlugaev,
  • V. S. Syssoev,
  • I. M. Vershinin,
  • E. V. Basov,
  • N. A. Bogatov,
  • A. G. Galka,
  • A. A. Istomin,
  • S. V. Korobkov,
  • K. N. Loskutov,
  • P. A. Mikryukov,
  • A. S. Nikolenko,
  • M. Yu. Naumova,
  • Yu. A. Kuznetsov,
  • A. I. Orlov,
  • E. A. Mareev

摘要

We detect and study the generation of ultrawideband nano- and subnanosecond electromagnetic pulses in various experiments simulating lightning discharges. Ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses with similar characteristics are observed in spark discharges in air gaps from 1 m to 4 m long, which are ignited by impulse voltage generators, as well as in discharges approximately 1 m long, which are caused by a water aerosol cloud charged to a high potential. The experiments show that ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses originate from processes occurring in the near-electrode regions of the discharges, mainly on the cathode side. The pulsed radiation may originate from fast electron avalanches developing, for example, on the cathode of the positive discharge during the initiation of a connecting leader. The ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses observed in the model experiments can be regarded as hazardous lightning factors previously unaccounted for, which can be significant, for example, during the interaction of long spark discharges with various grounded or isolated objects.