<p>Using the WZ method to prove supercongruences critically depends on an inspired WZ pair choice. This paper demonstrates a procedure for finding WZ pair candidates to prove a given supercongruence. When suitable WZ pairs are thus obtained, coupling them with the <i>p</i>-adic approximation of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1232_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Gamma _p\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> by Long and Ramakrishna enables uniform proofs for the Van Hamme supercongruences (B.2), (C.2), (D.2), (E.2), (F.2), (G.2), and (H.2). This approach also yields the known extensions of (G.2) modulo <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1232_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p^4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and of (H.2) modulo <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1232_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p^3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> when <i>p</i> is 3 modulo 4. Finally, the Van Hamme supercongruence (I.2) is shown to be a special case of the WZ method where Gosper’s algorithm itself succeeds.</p>

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Streamlined WZ method proofs of Van Hamme supercongruences

  • Andres Valloud

摘要

Using the WZ method to prove supercongruences critically depends on an inspired WZ pair choice. This paper demonstrates a procedure for finding WZ pair candidates to prove a given supercongruence. When suitable WZ pairs are thus obtained, coupling them with the p-adic approximation of \(\Gamma _p\) Γ p by Long and Ramakrishna enables uniform proofs for the Van Hamme supercongruences (B.2), (C.2), (D.2), (E.2), (F.2), (G.2), and (H.2). This approach also yields the known extensions of (G.2) modulo \(p^4\) p 4 , and of (H.2) modulo \(p^3\) p 3 when p is 3 modulo 4. Finally, the Van Hamme supercongruence (I.2) is shown to be a special case of the WZ method where Gosper’s algorithm itself succeeds.