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<p>Orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle (OPUC for short) are a family of polynomials whose orthogonality is given by integration over the unit circle in the complex plane. There are combinatorial studies on the moments of various types of orthogonal polynomials, including classical orthogonal polynomials, Laurent biorthogonal polynomials, and orthogonal polynomials of type <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1223_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="22" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( R_I \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>I</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In this paper, we study the moments of OPUC from a combinatorial perspective. We provide three path interpretations for them: Łukasiewicz paths, gentle Motzkin paths, and Schröder paths. Additionally, using these combinatorial interpretations, we derive explicit formulas for the generalized moments of some examples of OPUC, including the circular Jacobi polynomials and the Rogers–Szegő polynomials. Furthermore, we introduce several kinds of generalized linearization coefficients and give combinatorial interpretations for them.</p>

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Combinatorics of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月4日

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  • Jihyeug Jang,
  • Minho Song

摘要

Orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle (OPUC for short) are a family of polynomials whose orthogonality is given by integration over the unit circle in the complex plane. There are combinatorial studies on the moments of various types of orthogonal polynomials, including classical orthogonal polynomials, Laurent biorthogonal polynomials, and orthogonal polynomials of type \( R_I \) R I . In this paper, we study the moments of OPUC from a combinatorial perspective. We provide three path interpretations for them: Łukasiewicz paths, gentle Motzkin paths, and Schröder paths. Additionally, using these combinatorial interpretations, we derive explicit formulas for the generalized moments of some examples of OPUC, including the circular Jacobi polynomials and the Rogers–Szegő polynomials. Furthermore, we introduce several kinds of generalized linearization coefficients and give combinatorial interpretations for them.