<p>The <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1165_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\theta \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>θ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-congruent number problem, introduced by Fujiwara, is an extended notion of the congruent number problem. We find the explicit criteria for numbers of the form 3<i>p</i> or 6<i>p</i> to qualify as <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1165_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\theta \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>θ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-congruent numbers, where <i>p</i> is a prime and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1165_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\theta = \frac{\pi }{3}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mi>π</mi> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> or <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1165_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="16" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{2\pi }{3}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Our criteria are obtained in connection to the divisibility of the class numbers of the associated imaginary quadratic fields by some powers of 2, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1165_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="155" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p \equiv 1 \text { or } 13 \pmod {24}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>≡</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>or</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mn>13</mn> <mspace width="4.44443pt" /> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>mod</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mn>24</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Furthermore, we establish quantitative lower bounds on the number of non-<InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1165_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\theta \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>θ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-congruent numbers of the form 3<i>p</i> and 6<i>p</i> separately, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1165_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="155" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p \equiv 1 \text { or } 13 \pmod {24}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>≡</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>or</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mn>13</mn> <mspace width="4.44443pt" /> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>mod</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mn>24</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We use the <i>method of 2-descent</i> on the corresponding elliptic curve to obtain our results.</p>

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Explicit criteria for 3p or 6p to be non-\(\theta \)-congruent numbers

  • Shamik Das,
  • Yoonjin Lee

摘要

The \(\theta \) θ -congruent number problem, introduced by Fujiwara, is an extended notion of the congruent number problem. We find the explicit criteria for numbers of the form 3p or 6p to qualify as \(\theta \) θ -congruent numbers, where p is a prime and \(\theta = \frac{\pi }{3}\) θ = π 3 or \(\frac{2\pi }{3}\) 2 π 3 . Our criteria are obtained in connection to the divisibility of the class numbers of the associated imaginary quadratic fields by some powers of 2, where \(p \equiv 1 \text { or } 13 \pmod {24}\) p 1 or 13 ( mod 24 ) . Furthermore, we establish quantitative lower bounds on the number of non- \(\theta \) θ -congruent numbers of the form 3p and 6p separately, where \(p \equiv 1 \text { or } 13 \pmod {24}\) p 1 or 13 ( mod 24 ) . We use the method of 2-descent on the corresponding elliptic curve to obtain our results.