<p>We establish upper bounds on the size of the largest subset of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1120_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="100" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\{1,2,\dots ,N\}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> lacking nonzero differences of the form <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1120_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="90" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(h(p_1,\dots ,p_{\ell })\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mi>ℓ</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1120_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="121" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(h\in {\mathbb {Z}}[x_1,\dots ,x_{\ell }]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>ℓ</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a fixed polynomial satisfying appropriate conditions and <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1120_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="71" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p_1,\dots ,p_{\ell }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mi>ℓ</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are prime. The bounds are of the type established in the unrestricted integer input setting by Bloom-Maynard and Arala for <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1120_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="39" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\ell =1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ℓ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and by the authors for <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1120_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\ell \ge 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ℓ</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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The Furstenberg–Sárközy theorem for polynomials in one or more prime variables

  • John R. Doyle,
  • Alex Rice

摘要

We establish upper bounds on the size of the largest subset of \(\{1,2,\dots ,N\}\) { 1 , 2 , , N } lacking nonzero differences of the form \(h(p_1,\dots ,p_{\ell })\) h ( p 1 , , p ) , where \(h\in {\mathbb {Z}}[x_1,\dots ,x_{\ell }]\) h Z [ x 1 , , x ] is a fixed polynomial satisfying appropriate conditions and \(p_1,\dots ,p_{\ell }\) p 1 , , p are prime. The bounds are of the type established in the unrestricted integer input setting by Bloom-Maynard and Arala for \(\ell =1\) = 1 , and by the authors for \(\ell \ge 2\) 2 .