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Some properties of totients

  • Pentti Haukkanen

摘要

A arithmetical function f is said to be a totient if there exist completely multiplicative functions \(f_t\) f t and \(f_v\) f v such that \( f=f_t*f_v^{-1}, \) f = f t f v - 1 , where \(*\) is the Dirichlet convolution. Euler’s \(\phi \) ϕ -function is an important example of a totient. In this paper we find the structure of the usual product of two totients, the usual integer power of totients, the usual product of a totient and a specially multiplicative function and the usual product of a totient and a completely multiplicative function. These results are derived with the aid of generating series. We also provide some distributive-like characterizations of totients involving the usual product and the Dirichlet convolution of arithmetical functions. They give as corollaries characterizations of completely multiplicative functions.