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<p>Previous research has examined the feelings, meanings and perceptions that Western and Asian women assign to their behavior and dress code in tourism. However, there is a paucity of research exploring the meanings, perceptions, and feelings that veiled female Muslim tourists attribute to their Islamic attire and behavior while holidaying in Western destinations. The focus group interviews reveal that study participants perceive their experiences as a “limonoid time-space,” where Muslim women can modify their behaviors and Islamic attire while vacationing in Western destinations. These alterations in attire and behavior are interpreted as a form of resistance to gendered expectations regarding appropriate Islamic dress and conduct in their home environments. Resistance led to feelings of control, challenging stereotypes surrounding Muslim women, as well as fostering a sense of freedom and empowerment. To conceptualize these findings, this study adopted the concepts of knowledge /power regimes, front and back stages, performativity, gendered and sexualized power of surveillance, and existential authenticity. The findings show that tourism provides a space where veiled female Muslim tourists can resist oppressive gender roles, thereby empowering themselves.</p>

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Liminal spaces of empowerment: veiled Muslim female tourists negotiate norms and Islamic attire by enjoying leisure without societal expectations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Ahmed Abdel Fattah

摘要

Previous research has examined the feelings, meanings and perceptions that Western and Asian women assign to their behavior and dress code in tourism. However, there is a paucity of research exploring the meanings, perceptions, and feelings that veiled female Muslim tourists attribute to their Islamic attire and behavior while holidaying in Western destinations. The focus group interviews reveal that study participants perceive their experiences as a “limonoid time-space,” where Muslim women can modify their behaviors and Islamic attire while vacationing in Western destinations. These alterations in attire and behavior are interpreted as a form of resistance to gendered expectations regarding appropriate Islamic dress and conduct in their home environments. Resistance led to feelings of control, challenging stereotypes surrounding Muslim women, as well as fostering a sense of freedom and empowerment. To conceptualize these findings, this study adopted the concepts of knowledge /power regimes, front and back stages, performativity, gendered and sexualized power of surveillance, and existential authenticity. The findings show that tourism provides a space where veiled female Muslim tourists can resist oppressive gender roles, thereby empowering themselves.