<p>Population ageing represents one of the most significant demographic trends of the twenty-first century, posing complex challenges to labour markets, pension systems, and social policies. Although demographic, economic, and health sciences have contributed substantially to the understanding of these phenomena, the translation of scientific evidence into effective policies remains hampered by disciplinary fragmentation and the absence of an integrated perspective. This study employs a science mapping methodology to systematically examine the literature on the ageing workforce, focusing on four key areas: human capital, pension reforms, health inequalities, and technological adaptation, analyzing 2fd148 scientific publications over the past 30&#xa0;years. Through a multidisciplinary synthesis and a clear analysis of conceptual linkages within the research field, strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in existing research emerge. The results highlight the need to adopt dynamic metrics to measure ageing, promote comparative assessments of public policies, and develop integrated approaches that simultaneously address health, socio-economic inequalities, and technological transformations. The study concludes with recommendations to promote healthy and active ageing, support the labour market participation of the over-50&#xa0;s (e.g., including flexible retirement policies, lifelong learning opportunities, age-friendly work environments, and inclusive healthcare services), and direct future research towards more interdisciplinary, inclusive, and successful solutions for ageing societies.</p>