A qualitative simulation checking approach of programmed grounded theory and its application in workers’ involvement: extending Corbin and Struss’ grounded theory checking mechanism

The validity and reliability of a grounded theory research based on interpretivism involves four dimensions: credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. In order to enhance the credibility of a qualitative study, the findings of the grounded theory need to be checked for consistency with reality. Traditional checking approaches lack universal applicability and are difficult for researchers to implement. This paper proposes a qualitative simulation checking approach for programmed grounded theory research, which can enhance the validity and reliability of programmed grounded theory research in terms of credibility, transferability, and dependability dimensions. This approach is not only a more generally applicable checking approach, but also provides a virtual experiment platform for qualitative research. To overcome the deficiencies caused by following a single approach, a checking framework that integrates programmed grounded theory, qualitative simulation checking, and member checking was proposed. The methodology of this paper is validated by applying to a case of sanitation workers’ involvement in the Internet of Things environment.