<p>This paper is concerned with the Brownian “spider process,” also known as Walsh Brownian motion, as first introduced in the epilogue of Walsh (Astérisque 52:37–45, 1978). We revisit a longstanding problem due to L.E. Dubins, stated as follows: find <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11134_2025_9942_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="22" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for all integer <i>n</i> in the inequality <Equation ID="Equ45"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11134_2025_9942_Article_Equ45.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="314" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \mathbb {E}\left[ S_1(\tau )+S_2(\tau )+\cdots +S_n(\tau )\right] \le C_n \sqrt{\mathbb {E}\left[ \tau \right] }, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">E</mi> <mfenced close="]" open="["> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>τ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>τ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>τ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfenced> <mo>≤</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <msqrt> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">E</mi> <mfenced close="]" open="["> <mi>τ</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where there are <i>n</i> spider arms and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11134_2025_9942_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="38" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(S_i(\tau )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>τ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the supremum of reflected Brownian motion on rib <i>i</i> up to the stopping time <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11134_2025_9942_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="11" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\tau \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>τ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. No generalization beyond two arms has been solved for Dubins’ problem. This article considers the case <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11134_2025_9942_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n=3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, revealing its considerable complexity. Letting <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11134_2025_9942_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="16" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s_1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11134_2025_9942_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="16" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s_2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11134_2025_9942_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="16" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denote the distances that have already been covered on each of the respective ribs at time 0, we provide optimal reward functions for three different regions <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11134_2025_9942_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="72" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((s_1,s_2,s_3)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of the state space.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

Exercising control when confronted by a (Brownian) spider: part II

  • Philip A. Ernst

摘要

This paper is concerned with the Brownian “spider process,” also known as Walsh Brownian motion, as first introduced in the epilogue of Walsh (Astérisque 52:37–45, 1978). We revisit a longstanding problem due to L.E. Dubins, stated as follows: find \(C_n\) C n for all integer n in the inequality \(\begin{aligned} \mathbb {E}\left[ S_1(\tau )+S_2(\tau )+\cdots +S_n(\tau )\right] \le C_n \sqrt{\mathbb {E}\left[ \tau \right] }, \end{aligned}\) E S 1 ( τ ) + S 2 ( τ ) + + S n ( τ ) C n E τ , where there are n spider arms and \(S_i(\tau )\) S i ( τ ) is the supremum of reflected Brownian motion on rib i up to the stopping time \(\tau \) τ . No generalization beyond two arms has been solved for Dubins’ problem. This article considers the case \(n=3\) n = 3 , revealing its considerable complexity. Letting \(s_1\) s 1 , \(s_2\) s 2 , and \(s_3\) s 3 denote the distances that have already been covered on each of the respective ribs at time 0, we provide optimal reward functions for three different regions \((s_1,s_2,s_3)\) ( s 1 , s 2 , s 3 ) of the state space.