Investigations of quantum maps on photonic polarization qubits
摘要
The challenges faced in quantum computing and communication protocols are mostly due to decoherence, which is the loss of superposition in qubits by interacting with decohering environments. Quantum process tomography offers a method to comprehend and reconstruct quantum processes or maps by obtaining a process matrix. Single photon polarization qubits are widely used in quantum computation and communication protocols and are vulnerable to decoherence from an optical channel with birefringence. We described a model of a single photon qubit in a decohering birefringent optical communication channel environment and numerically reconstructed the various output density matrices needed for quantum process tomography. Using such density matrices, we reconstructed the process matrix for various decoherence conditions from the optical quantum communication channel. We studied the evolution of various elements in the quantum process matrix with respect to varying degrees of decoherence in the quantum communication channel. We observed distinct variations in the process matrix elements with respect to various degrees of decoherence for specific decoherence conditions. This indicates the potential applications of such techniques for the characterization of decoherence from such qubit environment interactions.