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<p>Quantum secret sharing (QSS) enables the distribution of information among multiple parties in a secure way, but its practical implementation remains hindered by noise in quantum channels. In this work, we investigate how the Pauli noise and amplitude-damping noise affect two widely studied multiparty QSS protocols, quantum secret sharing of classical messages (QSSCM) and secret sharing of quantum information (SSQI), proposed by Zhang et al. (Phys Rev A 71:044301, 2005). To address the vulnerability of these protocols to noise, we introduce a lightweight quantum error correction (QEC) scheme based on a resource-efficient adaptation of the Shor code. We scale down the required number of physical qubits from nine in standard Shor encoding to just three by leveraging the structural properties of the QSS protocols, without sacrificing robustness. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves lower average error rates compared to conventional QEC methods.</p>

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Resource reduction in multiparty quantum secret sharing of both classical and quantum information under noisy scenario

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月6日

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  • Nirupam Basak,
  • Goutam Paul

摘要

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) enables the distribution of information among multiple parties in a secure way, but its practical implementation remains hindered by noise in quantum channels. In this work, we investigate how the Pauli noise and amplitude-damping noise affect two widely studied multiparty QSS protocols, quantum secret sharing of classical messages (QSSCM) and secret sharing of quantum information (SSQI), proposed by Zhang et al. (Phys Rev A 71:044301, 2005). To address the vulnerability of these protocols to noise, we introduce a lightweight quantum error correction (QEC) scheme based on a resource-efficient adaptation of the Shor code. We scale down the required number of physical qubits from nine in standard Shor encoding to just three by leveraging the structural properties of the QSS protocols, without sacrificing robustness. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves lower average error rates compared to conventional QEC methods.