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<p>Existing quantum key distribution (QKD) cannot transmit data directly, while quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) is limited in directly ensuring data security due to its pre-audit mechanism separated from the data payload. This paper proposes a new protocol, quantum trust data distribution (QTDD), to overcome these limitations. The core of QTDD lies in reinterpreting the stabilizer formalism from the quantum error correction field not for error recovery, but as a robust security verification mechanism embedded within the data payload itself. This approach enables not only security verification to detect eavesdroppers but also preserves multi-qubit states after continuous reception by leveraging the non-destructive nature of stabilizer measurements. This direct, continuous, and always-on verification capability forms the foundation for building trust in distributed quantum data. Consequently, QTDD moves beyond the one-time generate-and-consume model of QKD and QSDC, enabling a continuous and verifiable quantum resource model.</p>

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Quantum trust data distribution: a stabilizer-based protocol for continuous and direct secure communication

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月12日

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  • Donggun Lee,
  • Hanbeom Shin,
  • Byoungjin Seok,
  • Seokhie Hong

摘要

Existing quantum key distribution (QKD) cannot transmit data directly, while quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) is limited in directly ensuring data security due to its pre-audit mechanism separated from the data payload. This paper proposes a new protocol, quantum trust data distribution (QTDD), to overcome these limitations. The core of QTDD lies in reinterpreting the stabilizer formalism from the quantum error correction field not for error recovery, but as a robust security verification mechanism embedded within the data payload itself. This approach enables not only security verification to detect eavesdroppers but also preserves multi-qubit states after continuous reception by leveraging the non-destructive nature of stabilizer measurements. This direct, continuous, and always-on verification capability forms the foundation for building trust in distributed quantum data. Consequently, QTDD moves beyond the one-time generate-and-consume model of QKD and QSDC, enabling a continuous and verifiable quantum resource model.