<p>Authentication is a crucial service for securing communication, ensuring the authenticity of the parties by verifying their identities. With the rapid development of quantum computing, traditional quantum two-party authentication protocols are more likely to allow eavesdropper attacks to succeed, mainly because they rely solely on the security of the quantum channel and the integrity of the pre-shared key. This study presents a new identity authentication scheme based on single-photon semi-quantum authentication. Unlike traditional tree structures, the scheme adopts a structure and introduces a trusted third party, who holds the keys of all participants. Participants encrypt information from the third party using their own keys combined with bubble operations, and the third party decrypts it to complete the authentication process. This scheme supports authentication for n participants, improves efficiency by simplifying the process, and leverages the unique properties of single-photon technology to protect semi-quantum key distribution and secret sharing. Compared to existing schemes, our scheme offers higher security against simulation, man-in-the-middle, and eavesdropping attacks. Additionally, as it does not rely on complex quantum technologies, it required minimal quantum resources and reduced participant capabilities, enhancing its practical implement ability.</p>