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<p>Quantum dialogue (QD) is a two-way quantum secure direct communication. Traditional QD protocols rely on transmitting photons through a quantum channel, which can introduce vulnerabilities. This paper presents a counterfactual controlled QD protocol based on entanglement swapping. By employing counterfactual quantum entanglement generation, the protocol facilitates controlled QD without requiring physical particle transfer or prior entanglement between remote participants. This approach significantly enhances the security of QD methods, providing robust resistance against all possible channel-based attacks and ensuring theoretical security.</p>

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Counterfactual controlled quantum dialogue protocol

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月20日

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  • Rui-Chen Huang,
  • Yu-Guang Yang,
  • Guang-Bao Xu,
  • Dong-Huan Jiang,
  • Yi-Hua Zhou,
  • Wei-Min Shi,
  • Dan Li

摘要

Quantum dialogue (QD) is a two-way quantum secure direct communication. Traditional QD protocols rely on transmitting photons through a quantum channel, which can introduce vulnerabilities. This paper presents a counterfactual controlled QD protocol based on entanglement swapping. By employing counterfactual quantum entanglement generation, the protocol facilitates controlled QD without requiring physical particle transfer or prior entanglement between remote participants. This approach significantly enhances the security of QD methods, providing robust resistance against all possible channel-based attacks and ensuring theoretical security.