A novel quantum protocol for secure hamming distance computation

Secure hamming distance computation is an important primitive of secure multiparty computation, enabling two parties to jointly compute the hamming distance without revealing any private information of each party. Secure hamming distance computation has a wide application in private similarity determination fields, such as secure biometric identification and error detection. In this paper, we present a quantum protocol for secure hamming distance computation based on single photons and local unitary operations, ensuring easy implementation with present technologies. Our protocol guarantees fairness between the two parties and provides higher security compared to classical protocols, leveraging the physical principles of quantum mechanics.