A dialogue protocol of quantum communication network based on cluster states

This paper proposes one-dimensional cluster state-based multipartite quantum communication networks (QCNs). We describe an approach that enables us to entangle multiple nodes in a one-dimensional chain structure. We also describe a dialogue protocol of QCN based on partially entangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states. The numerical results indicate that one-dimensional cluster state-based QCN has better quantum teleportation fidelity and lower transmission capacity than partially entangled GHZ state-based QCN. Finally, we describe the advantages, disadvantages, and application scenarios of these two types of QCNs.