<p>Post-traumatic stress symptoms are one of the most prominent psychological disorders experienced after earthquakes. Although post-traumatic stress symptoms have been investigated as a negative predictor of adolescents’ mental well-being, the role of internalizing and externalizing problems in this connection has not been sufficiently investigated. The present study aims to examine the mediating role of internalizing and externalizing problems in the relationship between posttraumatic stress symptoms and mental well-being in adolescents who survived the earthquake. A total of 498 adolescents, 306 girls and 192 boys, participated in the study. The findings of the study showed that there were significant relationships between the variables. Accordingly, posttraumatic stress symptoms were found to be a significant negative moderator of mental well-being, and internalizing and externalizing problems also played mediating roles in this relationship. According to this, as post-traumatic stress symptoms increase, mental well-being decreases as post-traumatic stress symptoms increase, while the level of internalizing and externalizing problems increases. Therefore, to protect and improve the mental well-being of adolescents who survived the earthquake, it is considered that psychological intervention methods that reduce post-traumatic stress symptoms, internalizing and externalizing problems are important.</p>