Retiring meters: a roadmap to encourage wider adoption of parking apps

This paper examines factors influencing the adoption of parking apps and explores various app configurations to reduce reliance on traditional parking meters. The study surveyed 304 respondents in Brisbane, Australia. A mixed logit model was estimated to analyze preferences regarding various app characteristics. Results revealed that the introduction of new contactless payment options, real-time parking information, and parking expiry reminders positively influence the uptake and usage of apps. Conversely, service charges were negatively associated with the adoption of mobile payments. Willingness to pay was also evaluated for the most important attributes that influenced uptake. To further explore the impact of different app configurations, this study simulated three distinct payment scenarios, each offering customers the choice between paying through meters or apps. The simulations showed the need to consider customer backgrounds when offering new payment options. For example, the simulations underscore the significance of offering simpler versions of apps to cater to customers with limited technological proficiency or those seeking a more seamless experience. Maintaining a balanced approach between app-based payments and meters is also recommended, as some customers still prefer traditional payment methods. These insights contribute to enhancing the adoption of apps and guide the implementation of smart parking solutions in cities beyond Brisbane.