The Role of Transformational Leadership and Digital Transformation in Shaping Employee Outcomes in Public Sector Police Organizations
摘要
This study investigates how transformational leadership and digital transformation influence employee performance in Pakistan’s police sector, with motivation as a mediator. Analyzing 302 middle-managers using PLS-SEM, results reveal both factors significantly enhance performance, partially mediated by motivation. The findings demonstrate how psychological mechanisms drive behavior during organizational change. While focused on Pakistan, insights apply to similar Global South institutions undergoing digital transitions. The research highlights the synergistic effects of leadership and technology on performance through motivational pathways, offering practical recommendations for integrating leadership development with digital capability building in bureaucratic settings.