Stacking Multiple Genes for Bacterial Blight-Resistance in the Genetic Background of a High-Yielding Adaptive Rice Variety
摘要
Rice serves as a primary dietary source of calories for over half of the global population. Bacterial blight (BB), caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), poses a significant challenge to rice cultivation worldwide, including Bangladesh. This study aimed to utilize a marker-assisted backcross breeding strategy to stack three BB resistance (R) genes (Xa4, xa13, and Xa21) into the genetic background of a susceptible mega rice variety BRRI dhan28. Because BRRI dhan28 inherently possesses the Xa4 gene, which is ineffective when present alone against the prevalent BB isolates in Bangladesh. Donor parent IRBB60 was utilized as the source to introgress the xa13 and Xa21 genes, thereby achieving the three-gene stack. Backcrossing, selfing, and foreground selection were conducted across the generations (F1 to BC3F7) to develop advanced resistant lines. Genotypic and phenotypic data analysis of 400 BC3F2 individuals revealed that BB resistance followed the simple Mendelian inheritance. Among the best selected 40 fixed BILs (backcross inbred lines) in the BC3F7 generation, 33 possessed all the candidate R genes, while four lines contained only Xa4 and Xa21, and three lines consisted of xa13 with Xa4 genes. Disease scoring for BB ranged from 0 to 5 for these BILs, in contrast to 7 to 9 for the recipient parent. Marker-trait association analysis displayed a negative correlation between specific molecular markers and BB disease. The used molecular markers demonstrated significant potential in marker-assisted selection breeding. Furthermore, multi-location trials of the best eight BILs recorded that these lines possess broad-spectrum resistance to BB disease with superior agronomic performance. These BILs could serve as a promising candidate for developing novel rice cultivars resistance to bacterial blight or may be used as potential genetic stock for future rice breeding programs.