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<p>Sainfoin (<i>Onobrychis viciaefolia</i>) is a native grass species in northwest China. Soil salinization is a significant factor that limits nutrient absorption, growth, and development. In this study, the new strain P1 (“1994” × “Gansu sainfoin”) and the salt-sensitive material “10,295” (SSM) were selected. The CK group and salt stress group (0.8% NaCl) were established to investigate the differences in related physiological indicators and metabolomics. The key enzyme activities and the contents of endogenous hormones in the leaves were determined using different methods. Metabolomic analysis was performed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results demonstrated that salt stress significantly inhibited the growth and development of sainfoin. Four comparison pairs—“P1-NaCl vs P1-CK,” “SSM-NaCl vs SSM-CK,” “P1-CK vs SSM-CK,” and “P1-NaCl vs SSM-NaCl”—screened 94, 205, 71, and 105 metabolites under salt stress, respectively. The primary metabolites included organic acids and their derivatives, as well as organic oxygen compounds. After 6 days of salt stress treatment, the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamic 4-hydroxylase (C4H), and 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase (4CL) in both sainfoin varieties increased significantly. In contrast, the contents of auxin (IAA), gibberellin (GA<sub>3</sub>), and zeatin (ZT) decreased significantly, while abscisic acid (ABA) content increased significantly. Notably, the activities of PAL, C4H, and 4CL, along with the levels of IAA, GA<sub>3</sub>, ZT, and ABA, in “P1” were significantly higher than those in “SSM.” The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the breeding and promotion of new salt-tolerant varieties of sainfoin.</p>

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Analysis of Differential Metabolites and Physiological Responses in Sainfoin Leaves Under Salt Stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Ge Tian,
  • Lili Nan,
  • Yuheng Yao

摘要

Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia) is a native grass species in northwest China. Soil salinization is a significant factor that limits nutrient absorption, growth, and development. In this study, the new strain P1 (“1994” × “Gansu sainfoin”) and the salt-sensitive material “10,295” (SSM) were selected. The CK group and salt stress group (0.8% NaCl) were established to investigate the differences in related physiological indicators and metabolomics. The key enzyme activities and the contents of endogenous hormones in the leaves were determined using different methods. Metabolomic analysis was performed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results demonstrated that salt stress significantly inhibited the growth and development of sainfoin. Four comparison pairs—“P1-NaCl vs P1-CK,” “SSM-NaCl vs SSM-CK,” “P1-CK vs SSM-CK,” and “P1-NaCl vs SSM-NaCl”—screened 94, 205, 71, and 105 metabolites under salt stress, respectively. The primary metabolites included organic acids and their derivatives, as well as organic oxygen compounds. After 6 days of salt stress treatment, the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamic 4-hydroxylase (C4H), and 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase (4CL) in both sainfoin varieties increased significantly. In contrast, the contents of auxin (IAA), gibberellin (GA3), and zeatin (ZT) decreased significantly, while abscisic acid (ABA) content increased significantly. Notably, the activities of PAL, C4H, and 4CL, along with the levels of IAA, GA3, ZT, and ABA, in “P1” were significantly higher than those in “SSM.” The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the breeding and promotion of new salt-tolerant varieties of sainfoin.