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<p><i>Ocimum</i><i> sanctum</i> (holy basil) is a cold-sensitive, globally important medicinal plant, and its growth and productivity are notably hindered by abiotic stresses, such as cold and salinity. <i>DREB1</i> (<i>Dehydration Response Element Binding Factors 1</i>), a member of the AP2/ERF (APETALA2/Ethylene-responsive Factor) family of plant-specific transcription factors, plays a key role in regulating abiotic stress responses in plants. In this study, the expression pattern of <i>OscDREB1</i> was studied under different stress and elicitor conditions. A full-length cDNA sequence of the <i>OscDREB1</i> was cloned from holy basil and ectopically expressed in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> to study its role in growth and development. Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing <i>OscDREB1</i> showed a dwarf phenotype, a significantly higher lignin content in stem and leaf tissues, increased accumulation of osmoprotectants (glucose and proline), and reduced levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), which improved cellular membrane integrity under oxidative stress. Expression analysis of <i>pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase</i> (<i>P5CS</i>), <i>pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase</i> (<i>P5CR</i>), <i>superoxide dismutase</i> (<i>SOD</i>), <i>peroxidase</i> (<i>POD</i>), and <i>catalase</i> (<i>CAT</i>) revealed an enhanced capacity for detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) in transgenic plants under cold and salinity stress. Moreover, higher expression of dehydrins was observed under cold stress in transgenic plants, supporting the critical role of <i>OscDREB1</i> in cold acclimation. Overall, <i>OscDREB1</i> overexpression in tobacco improved relative water content, chlorophyll levels, lignin deposition, and abiotic stress tolerance by regulating osmoprotectant accumulation and reducing lipid peroxidation.</p>

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A DREB-like Transcription Factor from Ocimum sanctum L., OscDREB1, Regulates Plant Growth and Confers Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月13日

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  • Rituraj Kumar,
  • Arpita Singh,
  • Supriya Rana,
  • Vikrant Gupta

摘要

Ocimum sanctum (holy basil) is a cold-sensitive, globally important medicinal plant, and its growth and productivity are notably hindered by abiotic stresses, such as cold and salinity. DREB1 (Dehydration Response Element Binding Factors 1), a member of the AP2/ERF (APETALA2/Ethylene-responsive Factor) family of plant-specific transcription factors, plays a key role in regulating abiotic stress responses in plants. In this study, the expression pattern of OscDREB1 was studied under different stress and elicitor conditions. A full-length cDNA sequence of the OscDREB1 was cloned from holy basil and ectopically expressed in Nicotiana tabacum to study its role in growth and development. Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing OscDREB1 showed a dwarf phenotype, a significantly higher lignin content in stem and leaf tissues, increased accumulation of osmoprotectants (glucose and proline), and reduced levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), which improved cellular membrane integrity under oxidative stress. Expression analysis of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (P5CS), pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) revealed an enhanced capacity for detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) in transgenic plants under cold and salinity stress. Moreover, higher expression of dehydrins was observed under cold stress in transgenic plants, supporting the critical role of OscDREB1 in cold acclimation. Overall, OscDREB1 overexpression in tobacco improved relative water content, chlorophyll levels, lignin deposition, and abiotic stress tolerance by regulating osmoprotectant accumulation and reducing lipid peroxidation.