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<p>Plant transmembrane proteins (TMPs) are critical in mediating immune responses and stress adaptation through signal perception, transport, and cellular homeostasis. In this study, we present the first systematic genome-wide identification of TMPs in <i>Citrus sinensis</i> and their dynamic expression profiles during infections induced by three key pathogens, specifically <i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), <i>Xanthomonas citri</i> subsp. <i>citri</i> (Xcc), and <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> (Cg). Genomic analysis identified 5145 TMPs, including 249 chloroplast and 68 mitochondrial membrane proteins. Transcriptomic profiling revealed 566, 616, and 713 upregulated TMP-encoding genes after CLas, Xcc, and Cg infections, respectively. Conserved differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in ion transport, MAPK signaling, brassinosteroid biosynthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation, while downregulated genes were linked to photosynthesis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified seven hub TMPs, including mitochondrial import component TOM6, E3 ubiquitin ligase ATL66, vesicle trafficking proteins, and auxin transporter ABCB19, suggesting their roles as central regulators of citrus immunity. These findings establish a comprehensive resource for understanding TMP-mediated defense mechanisms in citrus and identify candidate targets for engineering resistance against citrus HLB, canker, and anthracnose. This study addresses significant deficiencies in understanding citrus-pathogen interactions and offers valuable insights into membrane protein dynamics in the immunity of perennial crops.</p>

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Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Characterization of Transmembrane Proteins in Citrus sinensis During Plant-Pathogen Interaction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Ye Chen,
  • Xinlv Dai,
  • Along Qiu,
  • Wenjing Liu,
  • Dongkui Li,
  • Ruimin Li

摘要

Plant transmembrane proteins (TMPs) are critical in mediating immune responses and stress adaptation through signal perception, transport, and cellular homeostasis. In this study, we present the first systematic genome-wide identification of TMPs in Citrus sinensis and their dynamic expression profiles during infections induced by three key pathogens, specifically Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc), and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Cg). Genomic analysis identified 5145 TMPs, including 249 chloroplast and 68 mitochondrial membrane proteins. Transcriptomic profiling revealed 566, 616, and 713 upregulated TMP-encoding genes after CLas, Xcc, and Cg infections, respectively. Conserved differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in ion transport, MAPK signaling, brassinosteroid biosynthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation, while downregulated genes were linked to photosynthesis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified seven hub TMPs, including mitochondrial import component TOM6, E3 ubiquitin ligase ATL66, vesicle trafficking proteins, and auxin transporter ABCB19, suggesting their roles as central regulators of citrus immunity. These findings establish a comprehensive resource for understanding TMP-mediated defense mechanisms in citrus and identify candidate targets for engineering resistance against citrus HLB, canker, and anthracnose. This study addresses significant deficiencies in understanding citrus-pathogen interactions and offers valuable insights into membrane protein dynamics in the immunity of perennial crops.