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<p>Global agriculture is increasingly affected by drought stress due to climate change, resulting in major yield losses and posing a serious threat to food security. Rice, a staple for two-thirds of the global population, is particularly vulnerable to drought stress. This study investigates the genetic basis of drought tolerance in rice by evaluating genetic variability, morphological diversity, and principal component analysis (PCA) among 110 rice genotypes, focusing on 12 yield and yield-related traits. Using marker and field screening approaches, parental lines were validated for drought stress. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant phenotypic variability among genotypes, highlighting the need for targeted genetic improvement. High phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation (PCV and GCV) were observed for productive tillers per plant, biological yield, and single plant yield, suggesting significant genetic diversity. Traits such as grains per panicle and harvest index exhibited high heritability and genetic advance, making them ideal targets for selection. Mahalanobis D<sup>2</sup> analysis grouped 110 genotypes into 11 clusters. The traits like days to 50% flowering, flag leaf length, and panicle length contributing 73.3% to genetic divergence, highlighting their importance in hybridization programs. PCA identified productive tillers and SYP as primary contributors to variability. Molecular screening confirmed the association of QTL markers (e.g., qDTY1.1, qDTY3.1, qDTY8.1) with drought tolerance traits, supporting marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs. Markers such as RM-472, RM-520, and RM-256 demonstrated strong correlations with drought resilience, facilitating the development of drought-tolerant genotypes. By combining QTL screening with physiological traits such as SPAD values and relative water content (RWC), the genotypes like BMDK-2-2-8-2, Jaya, Wayrarem, and ANNA R4-1 were identified as promising genotypes for developing climate-resilient rice hybrids. In the light of climate change, this study underscores the potential of combining molecular and physiological methods to accelerate the breeding of drought-tolerant, high yielding rice varieties, improving food security.</p>

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Screening of DTY QTL-Associated Microsatellite Markers and Multivariate Analysis of Parental Lines for Developing Drought-Resistant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Tushar Arun Mohanty,
  • Kumaresan Dharmalingam,
  • Manonmani Swaminathan,
  • Suresh Ramalingam,
  • Manikanda Boopathi Narayanan,
  • Sritharan Natarajan,
  • Boya Nagendra Naidu

摘要

Global agriculture is increasingly affected by drought stress due to climate change, resulting in major yield losses and posing a serious threat to food security. Rice, a staple for two-thirds of the global population, is particularly vulnerable to drought stress. This study investigates the genetic basis of drought tolerance in rice by evaluating genetic variability, morphological diversity, and principal component analysis (PCA) among 110 rice genotypes, focusing on 12 yield and yield-related traits. Using marker and field screening approaches, parental lines were validated for drought stress. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant phenotypic variability among genotypes, highlighting the need for targeted genetic improvement. High phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation (PCV and GCV) were observed for productive tillers per plant, biological yield, and single plant yield, suggesting significant genetic diversity. Traits such as grains per panicle and harvest index exhibited high heritability and genetic advance, making them ideal targets for selection. Mahalanobis D2 analysis grouped 110 genotypes into 11 clusters. The traits like days to 50% flowering, flag leaf length, and panicle length contributing 73.3% to genetic divergence, highlighting their importance in hybridization programs. PCA identified productive tillers and SYP as primary contributors to variability. Molecular screening confirmed the association of QTL markers (e.g., qDTY1.1, qDTY3.1, qDTY8.1) with drought tolerance traits, supporting marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs. Markers such as RM-472, RM-520, and RM-256 demonstrated strong correlations with drought resilience, facilitating the development of drought-tolerant genotypes. By combining QTL screening with physiological traits such as SPAD values and relative water content (RWC), the genotypes like BMDK-2-2-8-2, Jaya, Wayrarem, and ANNA R4-1 were identified as promising genotypes for developing climate-resilient rice hybrids. In the light of climate change, this study underscores the potential of combining molecular and physiological methods to accelerate the breeding of drought-tolerant, high yielding rice varieties, improving food security.