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<p>Although conventional and transgenic breeding programs have been applied for crop improvement, they have had some drawbacks. Thus, they have been replaced by novel genome editing technologies, that is, sequence-specific endonucleases. MegaN, ZFN, TALENs, and CRISPR genome editing tools have been applied for the improvement of cereal crops and enhanced productivity. Wheat is a major staple food crop in nearly every region of the world. Both durum wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>) and bread wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) are allopolyploid cereal crops containing two (AB) and three (ABD) sub-genomes, respectively. Although wheat is grown on all continents, it is severely affected by biotic and abiotic stresses that adversely impact its growth, metabolism, and yield. Novel genome editing technologies have been developed and applied to increase abiotic stress tolerance in wheat. In this review, an overview of different types of genome editing techniques is briefly discussed with a particular emphasis on the mechanisms, processes and applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 approach for enhancing abiotic stress tolerance, including drought, salinity, temperature and herbicides in wheat. Moreover, the advantages of CRISPR/Cas9 over other genome editing techniques, an overview of multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing and the challenges associated with this approach are addressed.</p>

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Impacts of Genome Editing for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Wheat

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月19日

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  • Amare Genetu,
  • Tsegaye Getahun,
  • Demsachew Guadie

摘要

Although conventional and transgenic breeding programs have been applied for crop improvement, they have had some drawbacks. Thus, they have been replaced by novel genome editing technologies, that is, sequence-specific endonucleases. MegaN, ZFN, TALENs, and CRISPR genome editing tools have been applied for the improvement of cereal crops and enhanced productivity. Wheat is a major staple food crop in nearly every region of the world. Both durum wheat (Triticum durum) and bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) are allopolyploid cereal crops containing two (AB) and three (ABD) sub-genomes, respectively. Although wheat is grown on all continents, it is severely affected by biotic and abiotic stresses that adversely impact its growth, metabolism, and yield. Novel genome editing technologies have been developed and applied to increase abiotic stress tolerance in wheat. In this review, an overview of different types of genome editing techniques is briefly discussed with a particular emphasis on the mechanisms, processes and applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 approach for enhancing abiotic stress tolerance, including drought, salinity, temperature and herbicides in wheat. Moreover, the advantages of CRISPR/Cas9 over other genome editing techniques, an overview of multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing and the challenges associated with this approach are addressed.