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<p>Genetic diversity and relatedness of 7 citronella genotypes estimated using 7 morpho-chemical traits, 19 inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR), and 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers revealed significant differences among the genotypes for morpho-chemical traits that suggested the presence of considerable diversity in the genetic material. The first four principal components explained 93.76% of the morpho-chemical variation. The pair-wise Euclidean distances ranged from 2.97 to 8.08 for morpho-chemical traits. Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) of morpho-chemical traits distinguished the genotypes into 2 major groups. The ISSRs and SSRs produced 70 (53.85%) and 48 (60.75%) polymorphic fragments, respectively. Average polymorphic ISSR amplicons were 3.83 per ISSR primer and 4 amplicons per SSR primer. The average polymorphism % detected for ISSR and SSR in the present study was 52.74% and 62.41%, respectively. Higher estimates of variability parameters of SSR over ISSR indicated the efficiency of the former over the latter in genetic divergence studies. The clustering pattern of the dendrogram based on SSR data was similar to that obtained by merging both ISSR and SSR data. The genotypes Ceylon and C-line were consistently in the same cluster in dendrograms derived based on morpho-chemical, ISSR, SSR, and a combination of ISSR and SSR data. Likewise, they outperformed other genotypes for various traits, besides contributing to the genetic variation as shown in the biplot, signifying their importance in being used as parents in citronella breeding programs. Further, this information can be used to breed high herbage and oil yielding citronella varieties by utilizing diverse parents, viz., Ceylon and C-line in breeding programs.</p>

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Survey of Citronella Genotypes for Identification of Superior Parents for New Breeding Cycles Based on Morpho-Chemical Traits and Molecular Systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月26日

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  • K. V. Ashwini,
  • Gazala Parveen S,
  • Akshata G. Bhat,
  • Channayya Hiremath

摘要

Genetic diversity and relatedness of 7 citronella genotypes estimated using 7 morpho-chemical traits, 19 inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR), and 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers revealed significant differences among the genotypes for morpho-chemical traits that suggested the presence of considerable diversity in the genetic material. The first four principal components explained 93.76% of the morpho-chemical variation. The pair-wise Euclidean distances ranged from 2.97 to 8.08 for morpho-chemical traits. Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) of morpho-chemical traits distinguished the genotypes into 2 major groups. The ISSRs and SSRs produced 70 (53.85%) and 48 (60.75%) polymorphic fragments, respectively. Average polymorphic ISSR amplicons were 3.83 per ISSR primer and 4 amplicons per SSR primer. The average polymorphism % detected for ISSR and SSR in the present study was 52.74% and 62.41%, respectively. Higher estimates of variability parameters of SSR over ISSR indicated the efficiency of the former over the latter in genetic divergence studies. The clustering pattern of the dendrogram based on SSR data was similar to that obtained by merging both ISSR and SSR data. The genotypes Ceylon and C-line were consistently in the same cluster in dendrograms derived based on morpho-chemical, ISSR, SSR, and a combination of ISSR and SSR data. Likewise, they outperformed other genotypes for various traits, besides contributing to the genetic variation as shown in the biplot, signifying their importance in being used as parents in citronella breeding programs. Further, this information can be used to breed high herbage and oil yielding citronella varieties by utilizing diverse parents, viz., Ceylon and C-line in breeding programs.