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<p>This study is aimed at characterizing partial resistance (PR) to leaf rust (<i>Puccinia triticina</i>) in Egyptian wheat cultivars, assessing their performance compared to susceptible cultivars and the Moroccan check variety in both field and greenhouse conditions. Five cultivars, Giza 168, Sids 14, Sakha 94, Gemmeiza 10, and Shandweel 1, showed adequate and high PR levels, with significantly reduced final rust severity, lower Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) values, and slower disease progression rates compared to susceptible cultivars and the Moroccan cultivars. Under controlled greenhouse conditions, PR cultivars displayed distinct physiological and pathological divergence from susceptible counterparts, including suppressed fungal growth, diminished sporulation, reduced uredinium size, and delayed pustule eruption. These cultivars prolonged both the inoculation and latent periods of <i>Puccinia triticina</i>. The PR mechanism reduced significant grain yield losses by improving thousand-kernel weight, grain yield per plot, and chlorophyll retention. Molecular analysis confirmed the presence of the <i>Lr34</i> gene, which provides durable adult plant resistance in all five PR cultivars. These cultivars are suggested for use in environments with high disease pressure, minimizing reliance on fungicides and serving as genetic resources for breeding programs focused on integrating leaf rust resistance genes. The study found a significant correlation between partial resistance to leaf rust and the presence of the <i>Lr34</i> gene in the wheat cultivars. Varieties that carried <i>Lr34</i> exhibited stronger partial resistance, demonstrating a reduced severity of the disease and slower disease progression.</p>

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Characterization of Partial Leaf Rust Resistance and Identification of the Lr34 Gene in Egyptian Wheat Cultivars Under Field and Greenhouse Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月10日

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  • Mohamed A. Abou-Zeid,
  • Motrih Al-Mutiry,
  • Badawy R. Mohdly,
  • Osama E. Abd El Badeea,
  • Wael F. Shehata,
  • Mohamed A. Mareei,
  • Ola Mabrouk,
  • Khadegah M.A. Najeep,
  • Eman S. Elshewy,
  • Ashraf S. Abd Elhameed,
  • Enas A. Almanzalawi,
  • Tahani M. Alqahtani,
  • Shouaa A. Alrobaish,
  • Diaa Abd El Moneim,
  • Osama A. Boulot

摘要

This study is aimed at characterizing partial resistance (PR) to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) in Egyptian wheat cultivars, assessing their performance compared to susceptible cultivars and the Moroccan check variety in both field and greenhouse conditions. Five cultivars, Giza 168, Sids 14, Sakha 94, Gemmeiza 10, and Shandweel 1, showed adequate and high PR levels, with significantly reduced final rust severity, lower Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) values, and slower disease progression rates compared to susceptible cultivars and the Moroccan cultivars. Under controlled greenhouse conditions, PR cultivars displayed distinct physiological and pathological divergence from susceptible counterparts, including suppressed fungal growth, diminished sporulation, reduced uredinium size, and delayed pustule eruption. These cultivars prolonged both the inoculation and latent periods of Puccinia triticina. The PR mechanism reduced significant grain yield losses by improving thousand-kernel weight, grain yield per plot, and chlorophyll retention. Molecular analysis confirmed the presence of the Lr34 gene, which provides durable adult plant resistance in all five PR cultivars. These cultivars are suggested for use in environments with high disease pressure, minimizing reliance on fungicides and serving as genetic resources for breeding programs focused on integrating leaf rust resistance genes. The study found a significant correlation between partial resistance to leaf rust and the presence of the Lr34 gene in the wheat cultivars. Varieties that carried Lr34 exhibited stronger partial resistance, demonstrating a reduced severity of the disease and slower disease progression.