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<p>The herbal plants had been utilized for the cure of various general as well as chronic ailments throughout the world from prehistoric times. However, impurities and the use of low quality herbs as adulterants have caused a major problem for consumers and plant entrepreneurs in consideration of bioactivity and quality. The quality and effectiveness of herbal formulations are dependent upon accurate identification and true to type of medicinal plants. Therefore, identification as well as validation of pharmaceutical plants is a high necessity. Molecular markers utilize short oligonucleotides for the identification of plant species. There are different advantages offered by the use of oligonucleotides such as freedom from age dependency, tissue specificity, nutrient availability, and displaying a greater distinguishing power. The array of methods used to check the authentication of medicinal plants exploits morphological, anatomical, biochemical, and DNA-based uniqueness to ascertain the genuineness and truthfulness of the source medicinal plant from the adulterants, substitutes, and spurious drugs. Therefore, identification of plants utilizing nucleotide information is a suitable method for characterization of medicinal plants and similar populations or varieties belonging to the same species. Comparison made with authentic specimens from the herbarium is of utmost requirement for accurate identification through final morphological comparison and analysis. Present review enlists various aspects for validation of medicinal plants and molecular methods that are PCR-based or hybridization-based with special emphasis on DNA barcoding, array-based methods, and high throughput sequencing technologies for authentication of medicinal plants.</p>

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Molecular Approaches for Authentication and Identification of Medicinal Plants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月25日

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  • Jitender Kumar,
  • Kajal Choudhary,
  • Shelja,
  • Anukriti,
  • Harsharan Singh,
  • Ashwani Kumar,
  • Pankaj Bagga

摘要

The herbal plants had been utilized for the cure of various general as well as chronic ailments throughout the world from prehistoric times. However, impurities and the use of low quality herbs as adulterants have caused a major problem for consumers and plant entrepreneurs in consideration of bioactivity and quality. The quality and effectiveness of herbal formulations are dependent upon accurate identification and true to type of medicinal plants. Therefore, identification as well as validation of pharmaceutical plants is a high necessity. Molecular markers utilize short oligonucleotides for the identification of plant species. There are different advantages offered by the use of oligonucleotides such as freedom from age dependency, tissue specificity, nutrient availability, and displaying a greater distinguishing power. The array of methods used to check the authentication of medicinal plants exploits morphological, anatomical, biochemical, and DNA-based uniqueness to ascertain the genuineness and truthfulness of the source medicinal plant from the adulterants, substitutes, and spurious drugs. Therefore, identification of plants utilizing nucleotide information is a suitable method for characterization of medicinal plants and similar populations or varieties belonging to the same species. Comparison made with authentic specimens from the herbarium is of utmost requirement for accurate identification through final morphological comparison and analysis. Present review enlists various aspects for validation of medicinal plants and molecular methods that are PCR-based or hybridization-based with special emphasis on DNA barcoding, array-based methods, and high throughput sequencing technologies for authentication of medicinal plants.